PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE – ŞİMDİKİ ZAMAN (yapıyorum)
POSITIVE: (+) Subject + BE (am is are) + Verb-ING
I am watching tv Televizyon izliyorum
I am listening music Müzik dinliyorum
She is crying O (kız) ağlıyor
They are writing a letter Onlar mektup yazıyor
It is bleeding Kanıyor
We are reading a book Biz kitap okuyoruz
NEGATIVE: (-) Subject + BE NOT (am not isn’t aren’t) + Verb-ING
I am not using computer Ben bilgisayar kullanmıyorum
He is not riding a horse O (erkek) ata binmiyor
She is not drinking vodka O (kız) vodka içmiyor
We aren’t moving Biz taşınmıyoruz
They aren’t stealing Onlar çalmıyor
QUESTION: (?) BE (am is are) + Subject + Verb-ING ?
Are you coming? Geliyormusun?
Is she writing a letter? O (kız) mektup yazıyor mu?
Are they going? Onlar gidiyorlar mı?
Am I joking? Şaka mı yapıyorum?
Is it working? O (nesne) çalışıyor mu?
NEGATIVE QUESTION: (-?) BE NOT (isn’t aren’t) + Subject + Verb-ING ?
Isn’t it sinking? Batmıyor mu?
Aren’t they going? Onlar gitmiyorlar mı?
Isn’t she sleeping? O (kız) uyumuyor mu?
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE – GENİŞ ZAMAN (yaparım)
POSITIVE (+): I, you, we, they + verb / (he,she,it + verbs)
I smell a flower Ben bir çiçek koklarım
I sit on my armchair Ben koltuğumda otururum.
She drives a car O araba sürer.
We spend money Biz para harcarız
They watch movie Onlar film izler.
NEGATIVE(-): I, you, we, they + don’t verb (he, she, it + doesn’t Verb)
I don’t break a heart Ben kalp kırmam
She doesn’t listen to music O müzik dinlemez
They don’t read a book Onlar kitap okumaz
We don’t understand English Biz ingilizce anlamayız
We don’t pay Ödemiyoruz.
QUESTION(?): Do + I, you, we, they + verb ? (does + he, she, it + Verb ?
Does she sell flowers? O çiçek satar mı ?
Do you teach French? Sen Fransızca öğrenir misin ?
Do I forgive you? Ben seni affedermiyim ?
NEGATIVE QUESTION(-?): Don’t + I, you, we, they + verb? (doesn’t + he, she, it + verb ?
Don’t you understand me? Beni anlamıyor musun ?
Doesn’t she grow fruits? O meyve yetiştirmiyor mu ?
Don’t they come tonight? Onlar bu gece gelmiyor mu ?
SIMPLE PAST TENSE – Dİ’Lİ GEÇMİŞ ZAMAN (yaptım)
POSITIVE: (+): I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they + verb 2
NEGATIVE (-): I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they + didn’t + verb 1
QUESTION (?): Did + I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they + verb 1 ?
NEGATIVE QUEST.(-?): Didn’t + I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they + verb 1?
(SIMPLE) FUTURE TENSE (GELECEK ZAMAN) (yapacağım, yaparım)
POSITIVE (+): I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they + will + verb
NEGATIVE (-): I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they + will not (won’t) + verb
QUESTION (?): Will + I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they + verb ?
NEGATIVE – QUESTION(-?): Won’t + I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they + verb ?
NOT: İngiliz ingilizcesinde halen kullanılmakta olan biçimiyle bir de will yerine shall‘de kullanılmaktadır.
PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE (ŞİMDİKİ ZAMANIN HİKAYESİ) (yapıyordum)
POSITIVE (+): I, he, she, it + was + verb-ing / we, you, they + were + verb-ing
NEGATIVE (-): I,he,she,it + was not (wasn’t)verb-ing / You,we,they + were not (weren’t) + verb-ing.
QUESTION(?): Was + I, he, she, it + verb-ing ? / Were we, you, they + verb-ing?
NEGATIVE QUESTION (-?): Wasn’t + I, he, she, it + verb-ing ? / weren’t + we, you, they + verb-ing?
BE GOING TO – YAKIN (KESİN) GELECEK ZAMAN (yapacağım)
ÖZNE + BE GOING TO + FİİL (YALIN) (be: am, is, are)
POSITIVE (+): I + am going to + verb / he, she, it + is going to + verb / we, you, they + are going to + verb
NEGATIVE (-): I+ am not going to + verb / he,she,it + isn’t going to + verb / You, we, they + aren’t not going to + verb
QUESTION(?): Am + I + going to + verb / Is + he, she, it + going to + verb ? / Are + we, you, they + going to + verb?
NEGATIVE QUESTION (-?): Aren’t + I + going to + verb / Isn’t + he, she, it + going to + verb ? / Aren’t + we, you, they + going to + verb?
“BE GOING TO” Kalıbının PAST (Geçmiş zamanda) kullanılışı. (yapacaktım)
Önceden yapılmak istenmiş ancak yapılamamış bir eylemianlatmak için kullanılır.
Cümlede “be” fiilinin geçmiş zaman biçimi olan was ve were ile “going to” kullanılır.
Örnek:
I was going to watch TV yesterday evening.
Dün akşiam TV’de maç izleyecektim.
They were going to buy a new car last week.
Onlar geçen hafta yeni bir araba alacaklardı.
FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE – SÜREGELEN GELECEK ZAMAN (Yapıyor olacağım)
POSITIVE(+): I, you, he, she, we, you, they + will be + verb-ing
NEGATIVE(-): I, you, he, she, we, you, they + won’t be + verb-ing
QUESTION(?): Will + I, you, he, she, we, you, they + be + verb-ing
NEGATIVE QUESTION(-?): Won’t + I, you, he, she, we, you, they + be + verb-ing
Soru Sözcüklü Soru Cümlesi:
Soru sözcüğü(what) + will + Özne + be + fiil(-ing)
Will I be reading?
Okuyor olacak mıyım?
FUTURE PERFECT TENSE – GELECEK-ÖNCESİ ZAMAN (Yapmış olacağım)
POSITIVE(+): I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they + will have + verb-3
NEGATIVE(-): I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they + won’t have + verb-3
QUESTION(?): will + I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they + have + verb-3
NEGATIVE QUESTION(-?): won’t + I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they + have + verb-3
Soru Sözcüklü Soru Cümlesi:
Soru Sözcüğü + will + özne + have + Fiil-3 (Ne yapmış olacağım?)
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE – YAKIN GEÇMİŞ ZAMAN (yaptım, bulundum)
POSITIVE(+): I, you, we, they + have + verb3 / he, she, it + has + verb-3
NEGATIVE(-): I, you, we, you, they + haven’t + verb3 / he, she, it + hasn’t + verb-3
QUESTION(?): Have + I, you, you, they + verb3 ? / Has + he, she, it, we + verb-3?
NEGATIVE QUESTION (-?): Haven’t + I, you, we, you, they + verb-3 ? / Hasn’t + he, she, it + verb-3?
PAST PERFECT TENSE – MİŞ’Lİ GEÇMİŞ ZAMAN (yapmıştım)
POSITIVE(+): I, you, we, they + had + verb-3 / he, she, it + had + verb-3
NEGATIVE(-): I, you, we, you, they + hadn’t + verb-3/ he, she, it + hadn’t + verb-3
QUESTION(?): Had + I, you, you, they + verb-3 ? / Had + he, she, it, we + verb-3?
NEGATIVE QUESTION(-?): Hadn’t + I, you, we, you, they + verb-3 ? / Hadn’t + he, she, it + verb-3?
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE (mekteyim, maktayım)
POSITIVE(+): I, you, we, they + have been + verb-ing / he, she, it + has been + verb-ing
QUESTION(?): have + I, you, we, they + been + verb-ing? / has + he, she, it + been + verb-ing?
NEGATIVE(-): I, you, we, they + haven’t been + verb-ing / he, she, it + hasn’t been + verb-ing
PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE (mekteydim, maktaydım)
POSITIVE(+): I, you, we, they, he, she, it + had been + verb-ing
QUESTION(?): had + I, you, we, they, he, she, it + been + verb-ing?
NEGATIVE(-): I, you, we, they, he, she, it + hadn’t been + verb-ing
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